Abstract
Gastrointestinal helminths cause considerable production loss in ruminants globally and constraint to optimum livestock production. Extensively managed animals often host gastrointestinal parasites. Guidelines for sustainable control of parasites in sheep (SCOPS) have been produced in the UK which include recommendations for treatments to ewes. Traditionally control has been achieved through the application of broad spectrum anthelmintic; however, resistance is the major issue. In terms of parasitic nematodes in sheep, widespread resistance has been identified to the three available broad-spectrum anthelmintic classes with reports of increasing multi-class resistance was reported. Anthelmintic treatments can reach up to eight for lamb finishing. Resistance to anthelmintic can be reached to 88%. The trend towards nonchemical parasite control methods (ecological, organic, green) farming of livestock. Biological control of nematode parasites of livestock is the rising issue of animal science. In this study, biological control of nematode parasites of livestock has been reviewed.
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