Abstract
Aspergillus spp. has been widely found as useful microorganism in biotechnology. They have a high ability in the production of secondary metabolites. Therefore, isolates of Aspergillus were isolated from healthy rice field located in Selangor State/Malaysia. The obtained strain (UPMZ01) was conducted against Pyricularia oryzea by applying dual culture and culture filtrate technique. The antagonism of strain UPMZ01 in the dual culture was 81.326% inhibition percentage against P. oryzae given the optimum inhibitory percentage 100% at all concentration of secondary metabolites aged 14 days. The isolate (UPMZ01) was identified as Aspergillus niger with accession number (KY698415). The environment factors such as pH and temperature influencing on production of secondary metabolites. The results were shown that pH at level 5.0 and temperature between 21℃ to 29℃ is the optimum condition for A. niger to produce efficient antifungal metabolites which given 100% PIGR against blast pathogen. The secondary metabolites compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Fifteen compounds were recognized as major compounds which may have the possibility of possessing antifungal characteristics. Most of identified compounds are Oleic Acid, n-Hexadecanoic acid, Hexose, Glycerol, Stearic acid, Tetradecanoic acid, Dodecanoic acid and 5-Hydrxoymethylfurfural.
Highlights
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is known as the most substantial food in the worldwide
The investigations which were obtained in vitro revealed that the A. niger strain (UPMZ01) from rice rhizosphere soil possesses the potentiality in growth inhibition of rice blast pathogen P. oryzae in dual culture assay and culture filtrate with various concentrations
The Minimum Inhibition Concentration (MIC) was observed to find the minimum concentration of aqueous metabolism against blast pathogen growth
Summary
Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is known as the most substantial food in the worldwide. Rice plant exposes to the one of the most devastating disease which has been recognized as a rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae (anamorph Pyricularia oryzae) [1]. Microbes fungi have commonly been known biologically as a rich source of unique and efficient metabolites. Microorganisms especially fungi have been known as an optimal source of biological and anti-microbial metabolites [4]. The fungus Aspergillus niger has been recognized as the most valuable microorganism in biotechnologies applications [5]. It possesses a high ability in production of secondary metabolites compounds such as organic acids, pectinase, α-amylase, glucose oxidase, glucoamylase and recombinant proteins [6]. These antimicrobial secondary metabolites can be efficient antibiotics against plant pathogens. To determine the effect of different levels of pH and temperature on the production of antimicrobial compounds by A. niger, and to identify the metabolic compounds using GC-MS chromatogram
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