Abstract
Ten isolates of Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) were isolated from infected potato tubers of Picasso, Sante, and Nevskiy varieties collected from different regions in Kyrgyzstan. Isolates were identified as Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) by standard bacteriological techniques and pathogenicity tests on tubers and also by PCR analyses. Tests on the pathogenicity of E. carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) strains to host plants by artificial inoculation have shown a high sensibility of the Picasso variety. As a result, five isolates were chosen, three isolates (EcPo1, EcPo2, and Eco3) were highly pathogenic, while two isolates (Eco4 and Eco5) were weakly pathogenic. The antagonistic bacteria, Streptomyces diastatochromogenes strain sk-6, and Streptomyces graminearuss strain sk-2, have a highly significant effect on soft rot bacteria isolates (Ecc), more than the other tested antagonistic organisms in vitro screening biotests. The Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 was selected for the control assay of storage potatoes against the most common soft rot bacterial strain in Kyrgyzstan, Erwinia carotovora sp. carotovora EcPo2. The pretreatment of potato tubers with antagonistic bacteria successfully prevented the initial infection multiplication of soft rot bacteria and reduced soft rot disease of potatoes in storage. These results justify selection of the dose 106 cells/ml of bacteria Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 for use in powdering the infected or non-infected potato tubers to suppress the development soft rot during storage. Streptomyces diastatochromogenes sk-6 as a biological disinfectant could destroy surface and internal infections, protect the tubers from the growth of phytopathogenic bacteria in the early period of their reproduction, and improve the overwintering of winter crops.
Highlights
In Kyrgyzstan, the potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a staple product for the population after grains
Ten isolates of Erwinia carotovora ssp. carotovora (Ecc) were isolated from infected potato tubers of Picasso, Sante, and Nevskiy varieties collected from different regions in Kyrgyzstan
For the first time in Kyrgyzstan we have identified the Erwinia carotovora subspecies isolates from different potato varieties by using the biochemical tests, pathogenicity tests, and PCR analysis
Summary
In Kyrgyzstan, the potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a staple product for the population after grains. Many areas in the country have favorable soil and climatic conditions for growing potatoes. The main acreage is located in the Issyk-Kul region, in the mountainous areas of the Fergana Valley, and in the Kemin district of Chui valley. According to the Kyrgyz Republic Plant Protection and Chemicalization Department’s reports (2011, 2012) 25% - 30% of the potato crop is exposed to various rotting during storage, of which the main damage is caused by soft rot. Carotovora (Ecc) bacterium is one of the most important factors which cause soft rot of stem and tubers before and after harvest, and greatly reduce yields. The bacteria mainly attack the fleshy storage organs of their hosts (tubers, corms, bulbs, and rhizomes), but they affect succulent buds, stems, and petiole tissues
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