Abstract
ABSTRACT Silicon is an inducer of plant resistance to arthropod pests, being a promising strategy for integrated management. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of silicon on biological, reproductive and population aspects of parental and F1 generations of the two-spotted spider mite on strawberry plants. Potassium silicate, nanosilica and water were applied to the plants. Two-spotted spider mite females were confined to strawberry leaf disks for oviposition and, after hatching, larvae were observed until the emergence of adults. Once adults had been obtained, couples were formed in order to evaluate pre-oviposition, oviposition, longevity and fertility, with an estimated net reproduction rate, intrinsic rate of increase, finite rate of increase and the necessary time for doubling the generation. Silicon prolonged the duration of some immature stages of the mites in parental and F1 generations, did not affect the duration of the whole biological cycle, though. The periods of pre-oviposition, oviposition and longevity of the parental generation and the longevity and oviposition of F1 generation of the two-spotted spider mite were negatively affected by potassium silicate and nanosilica. The population parameters of the parental generation of the mites indicated that nanosilica is able to lead to a long-run decrease of this pest population.
Highlights
O silício é indutor de resistência de plantas a artrópodes pragas, constituindo-se em promissora estratégia para o manejo integrado
The specimens of T. urticae used in the bioassays were obtained from a stock-culture started with individuals collected from commercial strawberry planting in Chapada Diamantina-BA region, being conducted in common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris), cultivated in 20-L pots in a plastic house
Deutonymph stage was lower in disks which received potassium silicate and teleiochrysalis stage was lower in control and under nano-silica treatment (Table 1)
Summary
O silício é indutor de resistência de plantas a artrópodes pragas, constituindo-se em promissora estratégia para o manejo integrado. O trabalho objetivou avaliar o efeito do silício nos aspectos biológicos, reprodutivos e populacionais do ácaro-rajado nas gerações parental e F1 em morangueiro. Os períodos de pré-oviposição, oviposição e longevidade da geração parental e a longevidade e fecundidade da geração F1 do ácaro-rajado foram afetados negativamente pelo silicato de potássio e nanosilicato. Some studies on the effects of silicon on disease management, in nutrition and fruit organoleptic traits of strawberry plants were carried out (Igarashi, 2008; Braga et al, 2009; Carré-Missio et al, 2010); few studies are on induction of strawberry plant’s resistance to two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae) (Favaro et al, 2019). Gatarayira, et al (2010), in a greenhouse, verified that conidia of fungus Beauveria bassiana, Horticultura Brasileira 39 (1) January - March, 2021 added to potassium silicate, were efficient in the management of the twospotted spider mite on corn. Sadeghi et al (2016) verified that silicon affects negatively population and reproductive parameters of two-spotted spider mites on bean plants
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