Abstract
Aim:The aim of this study was biological and molecular characterization of classical swine fever (CSF) challenge virus from India.Materials and Methods:CSF challenge virus maintained at Division of Biological standardization was experimentally infected to two seronegative piglets. The biological characterization was done by clinical sign and symptoms along with postmortem findings. For molecular characterization 5’-nontranslated region, E2 and NS5B regions were amplified by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and sequenced. The sequences were compared with that of reference strains and the local field isolates to establish a phylogenetic relation.Results:The virus produced symptoms of acute disease in the piglets with typical post-mortem lesions. Phylogenetic analysis of the three regions showed that the current Indian CSF Challenge virus is having maximum similarity with the BresciaX strain (USA) and Madhya Pradesh isolate (India) and is belonging to subgroup 1.2 under Group 1.Conclusion:Based on biological and molecular characterization of CSF challenge virus from India is described as a highly virulent virus belonging to subgroup 1.2 under Group 1 along with some field isolates from India and Brescia strain.
Highlights
Classical swine fever (CSF) is most important contagious viral disease of pigs and wild boar and causes high mortality [1]
Based on biological and molecular characterization of CSF challenge virus from India is described as a highly virulent virus belonging to subgroup 1.2 under Group 1 along with some field isolates from India and Brescia strain
The CSF virus (CSFV) challenge virus, used in this study was kindly provided by Veterinary Biological Product Institute, Mhow, M.P., in 2005 and the same has been maintained in the Division of Biological Standardization by pig passages every year
Summary
Classical swine fever (CSF) is most important contagious viral disease of pigs and wild boar and causes high mortality [1]. The disease is characterized by anorexia, lethargy, high fever, marked leukopenia, conjunctivitis, enlarged and discolored lymph nodes, respiratory signs and diarrhea, followed by death. In India, pigs are vaccinated with lapinized swine fever vaccine and effectiveness of such vaccine is an important need for successful control of disease in the country. The efficacy of this vaccine is tested by the challenge of vaccinated and control pigs by virulent swine fever virus (Indian Pharmacopoeia, 2014). A well characterized swine fever virus both at the molecular and biological level is an essential requirement for efficacy testing of lapinized vaccine
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