Biological activity and phytochemical screening of different extracts of Sida cordata (Burm.F.) borssum root

Abstract

In the present study was designed to evaluate antimicrobial, anthelminthic activity and phytochemical analysis of different extracts of Sida cordata (Burm. f.) borssum root rxtract was prepared using different solvents like chloroform, petroleum ether, ethylacetate, ethanol, and water (aqueous extract). By using agar well diffusion method, the antibiotic activity of different extract was evaluated and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by 96 well resazurin based microtiter dilution the test organisms were Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Lacto bacillus Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger. Among the different the extracts (ethanolic and aqueous) showed significant antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Lacto bacillus, Pseudomonas aeroginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Against S.aureus, aqueous extract showed better activity (20mm, MIC 0.187 mg/ml) followed by Ethanol extract (15mm with MIC 0.390 mg/ml), further the aqueous extract showed activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (15mm, MIC 1.5 mg/ml) followed by Ethanol extract (12mm with MIC 0.375 mg/ml) and same was observed for Lactobacillus (19mm). In terms of anthelmintic activity against Pheretima posthuma (Indian earthworm) aqueous extract of the root exhibited significant activity in the concentration of 100mg/ml with 22.0 and 39 minutes for paralysis and death, respectively and that of standard drug Albendazole was 20 and 38.00 minutes. The aqueous extract showed significantly better effect comparable to standard and hence higher anthelmintic activity. Keywords: Sida cordata, Antimicrobial Resazurin, Anthelminthic, Pheretima posthuma.