Biolarvicide of Herba Ethanol Extract of Phyllanthus niruri L on Aedes aegypti Mosquito Larva Vector Of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Disease (DHF)

Abstract

Until now, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) has not found a cure or vaccine, so one of the prevention is to break the chain of transmission of this disease. Phyllanthus niruri L is a wild plant that can live in moist and rocky places. This plant has the ability to cure hepatitis, anti-mosquito, anti-inflammatory, fever, launching urine, expectorant, launching menstruation and increasing appetite. This research aims to determine the biolarvaside and LC50 and LC90 values of the Phyllanthus niruri L herbal extract against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae. This study uses a completely randomized design (CRD) with 5 treatments and 3 replications. Three hundred instar mosquito larvae III were put into each container containing the treatment determined P0 = without administration of extract, P1 = given abate 1% (Control +), P2 = given Ethanol Extract Herb Phyllanthus niruri 25% concentration, P3 = Given Ethanol Extract Herba Phyllanthus niruri concentration of 50% and P4 = Given Ethanol Extract Herba Phyllanthus niruri concentration of 75%. Each container is filled with 20 larvae. Observation of the larvicidal activity of the ethanol extract of the herb Phyllanthus niruri L was carried out at 0, 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. Data from observations of Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae mortality were then analyzed using ANOVA. To determine the value of LC50 and LC90 extract of Phyllanthus niruri L, it was analyzed using probit analysis. The results showed that the calculated F value was 281,558 with a F probability of 0,000 (p <0.05), which means that the ethanol extract of the herb Phyllanthus niruri L affected the mortality of Aedes aegypti larvae. LC50 value of 2.644% with an upper limit of 1.040 and a lower limit of 3.674. While the LC90 value of 5.772% with an upper limit of 4.424 and a lower limit of 12.042.