Abstract
AbstractStudies of hard biological materials such as marine shells, animal teeth, horns and bones have produced fascinating ideas for mimicking their micro/nanostructure in the lab. The nacre in the abalone shell has a well-defined organic/inorganic structure that has a fracture resistance that is much higher than the individual constituents. By using biocompatible materials we have fabricated zirconium nitride/ polymethylmethacrylate alternating layers that are based on the structure of nacre. A combination of DC-magnetron sputtering and pulsed laser deposition on (100) silicon substrates was used to fabricate multilayers in a single chamber without breaking the vacuum. The ZrN films showed nanocrystalline columnar growth on the silicon substrates or on the PMMA nanolayer. High resolution SEM analysis at the inorganic/organic interface revealed well formed, uniform thickness inorganic films which are separated by the polymeric layer (30-90 nm). The ratio of the ceramic/polymer is the same as in nacre. Nanoindentation hardness values of ˜ 20GPa were measured on both the ZrN single film, similar to published values, and the ZrN/PMMA composite layers and the elastic modulus remained constant, independent of the number of layers.
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