Bio-inspired green synthesis of Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles using watermelon rinds and their catalytic activity

Ch Prasad,S Gangadhara,P Venkateswarlu

doi:10.1007/s13204-015-0485-8

Ch Prasad, S Gangadhara + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1007/s13204-015-0485-8

Copy DOI

Journal: Applied Nanoscience	Publication Date: Aug 21, 2015
Citations: 84	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Sri Venkateswara University

Abstract

Novel and bio-inspired magnetic nanoparticles were synthesized using watermelon rinds (WR) which are nontoxic and biodegradable. Watermelon rind extract was used as a solvent and capping and reducing agent in the synthesis. The Fe3o4 MNPs were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques (VSM). XRD studies revealed a high degree of crystalline and monophasic Fe nanoparticles of face-centered cubic stricture. FTIR analysis proved that particles are reduced and stabilized in solution by the capping agent that is likely to be proteins secreted by the biomass. The present process in an excellent candidate for the synthesis of iron nanoparticles that is simple, easy to execute, pollutant free and inexpensive. A practical and convenient method for the synthesis of highly stable and small-sized iron nanoparticles with a narrow distribution from 2 to 20 nm is reported. Also, the MNPs present in higher saturation magnetization (Ms) of 14.2 emu/g demonstrate tremendous magnetic response behavior. However, the synthesized iron nanoparticles were used as a catalyst for the preparation of biologically interesting 2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine derivatives in high yields. These results exhibited that the synthesized Fe3O4 MNPs could be used as a catalyst in organic synthesis.

Highlights

In recent years, nanostructured materials have attracted great interest owing to their particular physical and chemical properties (Zhou et al 2005)
The Fe3o4 MNPs were characterized by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and vibrating sample magnetometer techniques (VSM)
These results exhibited that the synthesized Fe3O4 MNPs could be used as a catalyst in organic synthesis

Summary

Introduction

In recent years, nanostructured materials have attracted great interest owing to their particular physical and chemical properties (Zhou et al 2005). The green synthesis of nanoparticles has been proposed as a cost-effective environmental-friendly and an alternative to chemical and physical methods. The literature survey reveals that some of the reports are available on green synthesis of Fe3O4 MNPs (Cai et al 2010; Lu et al 2010; Venkateswarlu et al 2013, Wang et al 2009). Extensive literature reports reveal that the use of naturally available fruit waste material has not been investigated for the synthesis of Fe3o4 MNPs. in the present study, naturally abundant watermelon rinds were used for the synthesis of Fe3O4 MNPs by the green route. For the first time, watermelon rind powder extract (WRPE) was used as capping or reducing agent for synthesis of Fe3O4 MNPs. in this paper, a facile completely green synthesis of Fe3O4 MNPs has been developed using watermelon rind extract. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel to afford the final product

Materials and methods

Results and discussion

Conclusions