Bioinspired Green Synthesis of Chitosan and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Strong Antibacterial Activity against Rice Pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae.

Jianping Chen,Solabomi Olaitan Ogunyemi,Amro Abdelazez,Hatem Fouad,Temoor Ahmed,Yasmine Abdallah,Mengju Liu,Yong Yang,Chenqi Yan,Bin Li

doi:10.3390/molecules25204795

Abstract

Bacterial leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most devastating diseases, resulting in significant yield losses in rice. The extensive use of chemical antibacterial agents has led to an increase the environmental toxicity. Nanotechnology products are being developed as a promising alternative to control plant disease with low environmental impact. In the present study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of biosynthesized chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) against rice pathogen Xoo. The formation of CSNPs and ZnONPs in the reaction mixture was confirmed by using UV-vis spectroscopy at 300–550 nm. Moreover, CSNPs and ZnONPs with strong antibacterial activity against Xoo were further characterized by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Compared with the corresponding chitosan and ZnO alone, CSNPs and ZnONPs showed greater inhibition in the growth of Xoo, which may be mainly attributed to the reduction in biofilm formation and swimming, cell membrane damage, reactive oxygen species production, and apoptosis of bacterial cells. Overall, this study revealed that the two biosynthesized nanoparticles, particularly CSNPs, are a promising alternative to control rice bacterial disease.

Highlights

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight in rice, which leads to severe yield losses and alters the food supplies [1]
In agreement with the result of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observation, result from this study indicated that the two biosynthesized nanoparticles chitosan nanoparticles (CSNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) markedly increased the apoptosis of
In agreement with the result of TEM observation, result from this study indicated that the two biosynthesized nanoparticles CSNPs and ZnONPs markedly increased the apoptosis of Xoo cells to

Summary

Introduction

Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight in rice, which leads to severe yield losses and alters the food supplies [1]. Oryzae (Xoo) causes bacterial leaf blight in rice, which leads to severe yield losses and alters the food supplies [1]. The restriction of the use of chemical pesticides has become a pressing necessity due to its environmental toxicity. Bacterial diseases of plants are very difficult to control and cause significant annual losses on a global scale. Nanotechnology products are promising and environmentally friendly strategies for the control of bacterial diseases. Significant attention has been paid to the development of a plant or microbe-based synthesis of metal nanoparticles [2,3,4,5] due to toxic compounds that have been found on the surface of the nanoparticles through the chemical synthesis method [6,7]

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion