Abstract
The retina performs the earlier stages of image processing in living beings and is composed of six different groups of cells, namely, the rods, cones, horizontal, bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells. Each of those group of cells can be sub-divided into other types of cells that vary in shape, size, connectivity and functionality. Each cell is responsible for performing specific tasks in these early stages of biological image processing. Some of those cells are sensitive to horizontal and vertical movements. This paper proposes a multi-hierarchical spiking neural network architecture for detecting horizontal and vertical movements using a custom dataset which was generated in laboratory settings. The proposed architecture was designed to reflect the connectivity, behaviour and the number of layers found in the majority of vertebrates retinas, including humans. The architecture was trained using 2303 images and tested using 816 images. Simulation results revealed that each cell model is sensitive to vertical and horizontal movements with a detection error of 6.75 percent.
Highlights
The retina, which is considered an extension of the brain, has been widely studied since Cajal (1892) [1] and six different groups of cells have been identified in all vertebrates retinas, namely, rods and cones, bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells
Light sensitive and looming detection are three of the visual tasks that are observed in all vertebrate retinas
Retinal ganglion cells perform the primary processing steps of natural images in an efficient way. Features such as object movement detection, looming, fast response to fast stimuli and even prediction are performed in the retina
Summary
The retina, which is considered an extension of the brain, has been widely studied since Cajal (1892) [1] and six different groups of cells have been identified in all vertebrates retinas, namely, rods and cones, bipolar, horizontal, amacrine and ganglion cells. From this general grouping of cells, 50 distinct types of cells have been identified [2]. Light sensitive and looming detection are three of the visual tasks that are observed in all vertebrate retinas These three types of cells are called object-motion-sensitive (OMS), looming and light sensitivity ganglion cells (GCs). The fast response cells respond to fast motion variations while the predictive cells trigger automatic responses to specific stimuli that were previously learnt [3]
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
