Abstract
The flight of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) has numerous associated challenges. Small size is the major reason of their sensitivity towards turbulence restraining them from stable flight. Turbulence alleviation strategies of birds have been explored in recent past in detail to sort out this issue. Besides using primary and secondary feathers, birds also utilize covert feathers deflection to mitigate turbulence. Motivated from covert feathers of birds, this paper presents biologically inspired gust mitigation system (GMS) for a flapping wing UAV (FUAV). GMS consists of electromechanical (EM) covert feathers that sense the incoming gust and mitigate it through deflection of these feathers. A multibody model of gust-mitigating FUAV is developed appending models of the subsystems including rigid body, propulsion system, flapping mechanism, and GMS-installed wings using bond graph modeling approach. FUAV without GMS and FUAV with the proposed GMS integrated in it are simulated in the presence of vertical gust, and results’ comparison proves the efficacy of the proposed design. Furthermore, agreement between experimental results and present results validates the accuracy of the proposed design and developed model.
Highlights
Attitude control is a serious concern for Unmanned aerial vehicle UAS (UAV) operating in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). is ABL region is best suitable for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) applications in Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions
In order to ascertain the correctness of bond graph modeling (BGM) of gustmitigating flapping wing UAV (FUAV) developed in the above section, we use three vertical gust speeds (35 m/s, 25 m/s, 15 m/s) on three feathers installed on the right wing of FUAV
We propose a design of a new Gust Mitigation System (GMS) for flapping wing UAV (FUAV) inspired from covert feathers of birds
Summary
Attitude control is a serious concern for UAVs operating in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL). is ABL region is best suitable for UAV applications in Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance (ISR) missions. Ey presented a solution to the above-mentioned delays and developed novel bioinspired sensors, which provide phase advanced information of disturbances thereby improving response time of actuators Synthetic jet is another method for gust alleviation. Ese jets when combined into the wing extend the flight envelope of the aircraft to higher angles of attack through active flow control and reduce flight instability [28] By producing these jets, the boundary layer remains attached in gusty wind conditions thereby enabling the UAV to maintain stability. GMS activates only at the time of turbulent airflows to mitigate gust, while at all other instants it remains tightly attached with wing to retain airfoil overall profile It provides various flight advantages, including better maneuverability and enhanced stability during adverse wind environments. Multiple feathers actuate since single feather response is not enough. is minimizes stress on a single EM feather, since the incoming gust is spread over a certain region of the wing instead of concentration on a single point
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