Abstract
The magnitude of the problems of drug abuse and Neuro-AIDS warrants the development of novel approaches for testing hypotheses in diagnosis and treatment ranging from cell culture models to developing databases. In this study, cultured neurons were treated with/without HIV-TAT, ENV, or cocaine in a 2x2x2 expression study design. RNA was purified, labeled, and expression data were produced and analyzed using ANOVA. Thus, we identified 35 genes that were significantly expressed across treatment conditions. A diagram is presented showing examples of molecular relationships involving a significantly expressed gene in the current study (SOX2). Also, we use this information to discuss examples of gene expression interactions as a means to portray significance and complexity of gene expression studies in Drug Abuse and Neuro-AIDS. Furthermore, we discuss here that critical interactions remain undetected, which may be unravelled by developing robust database systems containing large datasets and gleaned information from collaborating scientists . Hence, we are developing a public domain database we named The Agora database , that will served as a shared infrastructure to query, deposit, and review information related to drug abuse and dementias including Neuro-AIDS. A workflow of this database is also outlined in this paper.
Highlights
HIV-1 is frequently detected in the brain of HIV-1 infected individuals. [1] The exposure of neural cells to some drugs, HIV-1 proteins or HIV-1 infection may cause brain damage and perturb gene expression
We are developing a public domain database we named The Agora database, that will served as a shared infrastructure to query, deposit, and review information related to drug abuse and dementias including Neuro-AIDS
Cocaine stimulates HIV-1 replication through the chemokine, cytokine, and signaling pathways. [2, 3] Drug abuse and HIV-1 infection most likely enhance neuropsychiatric disease, HAD (HIV associated Dementia), and HIVE (HIV encephalitis) as shown elsewhere. [4, 5] During the early course of HIV-1 infection, the virus penetrates the blood-brain barrier (BBB). [6] HIV-1 invasion of the brain most likely occurs via macrophage and microglial cells and this leads to HIVE. [2, 7] Recent work describes the influx of CD16-positive macrophages from bone marrow into the brain
Summary
HIV-1 is frequently detected in the brain of HIV-1 infected individuals. [1] The exposure of neural cells to some drugs, HIV-1 proteins or HIV-1 infection may cause brain damage and perturb gene expression. We are developing a public domain database we named The Agora database , that will served as a shared infrastructure to query, deposit, and review information related to drug abuse and dementias including Neuro-AIDS. [1] The exposure of neural cells to some drugs, HIV-1 proteins or HIV-1 infection may cause brain damage and perturb gene expression.
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