Abstract
BackgroundEndometrial cancer is a common gynecological cancer with annually increasing incidence worldwide. However, the biomarkers that provide prognosis and progression for this disease remain elusive.ResultsTwo eligible human endometrial cancer datasets (GSE17025 and GSE25405) were selected for the study. A total of 520 differentially expressed mRNAs and 30 differentially expressed miRNAs were identified. These mRNAs were mainly enriched in cell cycle, skeletal system development, vasculature development, oocyte maturation, and oocyte meiosis signalling pathways. A total of 160 pairs of differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs, including 22 differentially expressed miRNAs and 71 overlapping differentially expressed mRNAs, were validated in endometrial cancer samples using starBase v2.0 project. The prognosis analysis revealed that Cyclin E1 (CCNE1, one of the 82 hub genes, which correlated with hsa-miR-195 and hsa-miR-424) was significantly linked to a worse overall survival in endometrial cancer patients.ConclusionsThe hub genes and differentially expressed miRNAs identified in this study might be used as prognostic biomarkers for endometrial cancer and molecular targets for its treatment.
Highlights
Endometrial cancer is a common gynecological cancer with annually increasing incidence worldwide
Identification of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) A total of 1961 DEGs and 149 DEMs were identified from GSE17025 and GSE25405, respectively; 2339 DEGs and 205 DEMs were identified from the mRNA and miRNA data of uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma in TCGA; 520 common DEGs and 30 common DEMs were screened out with Venny 2.1.0(http://bioinfogp.cnb.csic.es/tools/venny/index. html) [12], respectively (Fig. 1a, Fig. 1b)
There were 212 upregulated genes and 308 downregulated genes, as well as 15 upregulated and 15 downregulated miRNAs in Endometrial cancer (EC) tissues compared with normal endometrium (NE) tissues, respectively (Table 1, Table 2)
Summary
Endometrial cancer is a common gynecological cancer with annually increasing incidence worldwide. The biomarkers that provide prognosis and progression for this disease remain elusive. 20–30% of incidents, and the disease relapse is associated with a poor prognosis. Cancer antigen 125 (CA125), being most frequently used as a biomarker for ovarian cancer, has some diagnostic/prognostic value in EC [3]. CA125 level is elevated in a number of physiological and pathological conditions, such as age [4, 5], pregnancy [6], menstruation [4, 6], and in gynaecological and nongynaecological disorders, such as endometriosis [6], benign ovarian cysts [6], pelvic inflammatory disease [6], peritonitis [6], pancreatitis [6], and pneumonia [6]. Similar to the high expression of CA125, HE4 level is elevated
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