Abstract
Introduction. Dwarfing Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 genes have been used in world breeding programs since 1960s and have significant direct and pleiotropic effects on wheat plants growth and development. The aim of our work was to analyze the differences between the nucleotide sequences of alleles of Rht-B1 and Rht-D1. As a reference sequence allele Rht-B1a from database GenBank (NCBI) was selected. Comparison of sequences of alleles Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 was carried out using BLASTn and MAFFT tools.Results. In the GenBank currently represented are sequences of 8 alleles Rht-B1: a, b, c, e, h, i, j, р sequences of g, f, d alleles remained unknown, and 9 alleles of Rht-D1 gene: a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i. Alleles a, b, c, e, p (Rht-B1) and a, b, c, d, e (Rht-D1) [7, 18] have been described in literature in more detail and. Alleles Rht-B1 (h, i, j) and Rht-D1 (f, g, h, i) were defined by EcoTILLING (Li and Zhang, 2013).Allele Rht-B1h has multiple single nucleotide substitutions in codons: 15 (G to C), 25 (G to A), 241 (A to G) and 294 (A to C), a Rht-B1i has transition A to G in codon 205 in comparison with wild type allele Rht-B1a. For allele Rht-B1j two replacements in codons 304 (T to C) and 305 (C to A) were detected.Rht-D1f has transition in codon 26 (T to C). Allele Rht-D1g differs from the wild-type allele by deletion of TCGAGATGCA sequence located from 441 to 444 codons. The analysis of Rht-D1h nucleotide sequence showed presence of G to T substitution in codon 391. Allele Rht-D1i has transition - G to A in codon 196. It was shown with MAFFT that Rht-B1a sequence (1866 bp) appeared to be shorter than Rht-D1a (2253 bp), with 39 transversions and 18 transitions.Conclusion. The multiple alleles of homeologous genes Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 are associated with point mutations, insertions, deletions and amplification of fragments in the region that encodes DELLA-domain of DELLA-proteins. Identification of phenotypic manifestations of these alleles will be actual for future involving of alternative dwarfing sources in wheat breeding.
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