BIOGRAPHY AND AUTOBIOGRAPHY: COLLISIONS OF FICTION AND REALITY IN THE CREATIVITY OF A PERSON'S LIFE

Abstract

Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. A significant impetus for understanding and involvement of the scientific potential embedded in the life description practices was given in works of F. Schleiermacher, V. Dilthey, K. Jaspers, J.-P. Sartre, R. Rorty. Ukrainian scientists O. Va-levskyi, V. Horskyi, I. Holubovych, A. Tsyapa, V. Menzhulin have especially carefully worked out the biographical discourse within the framework of philosophical science and have derived some thorough, in our opinion, methodological principles The research objective. This research examines biography and autobiography as a socio-cultural and cultural-anthropological phenomenon by identifying the differences and similarities between them. We will also explore fiction and/or falsified biography as a self-reflective practice and explore its methodological potential in relation to reality. We will also consider autobiographical practices using vivid examples of the pre-industrial, industrial and post-industrialeras The statement of basic materials. Differences between biography and autobiography at the socio-cultural and cultural-anthropological level can be of fundamental importance in the case when the biography serves as a practice of distinguishing between the “I” of the narrator and the Others. The difference between the two genres becomes fundamental at the level of consideration of the character against the background of his social environment, historical and cultural circumstances. An important question for modern researchers is the border that separates the autobiographical narrative, which strives to be as close as possible to reality, from the imaginary or even deliberately constructed. Perhaps the most important work that reflects the transition from ancient memoirs, epistles and self-reflective lyrics, as well as the genre of medieval hagiography to autobiography itself, is the “Confessions” of Augustine Aurelius, in which many researchers see the first complete work built using psychological introspection. Autobiography as a separate genre in the modern sense took shape at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 19th centuries, standing out from other works that contained elements of self-reflection, subjectivity, and authorial self-identification. In the post-industrial era, biographical/autobiographical collisions take on the most sophisticated form and vividly express the relationship between the individual and society. The conflict on the boundary of Self/Other deepens, the importance of the connection between the author's life and his work increases in public consciousness, which turns into a kind of reaction of the most sensitive authors to the trends of the era.