Abstract
Microorganisms and higher plants play an important role in the processes of mobilization and immobilization of nutrients and toxicants in water-logged soils. Their role is especially significant in the behavior of redox-sensitive elements: carbon, iron, and heavy elements (Cr, U, and As). Organic carbon in hydromorphic soils takes part in the reduction of Fe(III) and other elements with variable valency. Iron oxides sorb many heavy metals; the microbial reduction of iron oxides influences their mobility. The mobility of arsenic, which is a siderophilic element, increases as a result of the reduction of iron oxides and hydroxides after a decrease in reduction potential. Chromium and uranium compounds in wetlands are precipitated, but their mobility can increase with the reduction of iron oxides and hydroxides.
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