Biogenically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles Using Endophyte Fungal Extract of Ocimum tenuiflorum and Evaluation of Biomedical Properties

Abstract

In the present work, AgNPs have been prepared using an extract of Exserohilum rostrata, an endophyte fungus isolated from Ocimum tenuiflorum leaf and characterized using TEM, SEM, DLS, XRD, FT-IR, etc. The FT-IR analysis confirmed the capping of AgNPs with bioactive molecules of endophyte extract, thereby importing addition or enhancing inherent AgNPs therapeutic properties. Both endophyte extract and AgNPs offered significant inhibition in Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Further, we also demonstrated its ability to inhibit bacterial biofilm formation of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. Furthermore, we also demontrated excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity of both endophyte extract and AgNPs. Moreover, we observed ehanced antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity of AgNPs which is due to the synergistic effect of the bioactive agent forming the corona of AgNPs and with inhabitant activity of AgNPs. We also demonstrated the antimitotic activity in A. cepa and antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cells. AgNPs have also found to be excellent compatibility with healthy human keratinocyte cells and RBC cells. Hence, we might say that biogenically synthesized AgNPs using endophyte extract possess anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant ability as well as antiproliferative activity in breast cancer cells and thus possible found its application in the biomedical industry due to it’s eco-friendly and cost-effectiveness.