Biogenic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Consolida orientalis flowers: Identification, catalytic degradation, and biological effect

Abstract

Abstract Silver nanoparticles have attracted great attention due to their important usage areas recently. Silver nanoparticles were synthesized via Consolida orientalis flowers by green approach. The spectroscopic analyses characterized the synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs@Co). The surface plasmon resonance of AgNPs@Co was determined as 425 nm by UV-Vis. The particle size was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) as 9.7 nm using the Scherrer equation. XRD analysis at 2θ with the angle of 38.17°, 44.29°, 57.49°, and 77.36° corresponded to planes [111, 020, 202, and 131] demonstrating the fcc structure. In addition, transmission electron microscopy analysis presented the particle size to be 11.9 nm as spherical. The functional moiety of bioactive compounds was displayed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analysis, and a characteristic hydroxyl was detected at 3,274 cm−1. The zeta potential revealed the stability of nanoparticles as −20.3 mV. The signals at 2.3–3.4 keV in energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy proved the nanostructure. The catalytic activity of AgNPs@Co was executed using methylene blue in the treatment of sodium borohydride and degradation was determined as 71% in 45 min. Antioxidant of extract and nanoparticles was carried out using 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and superoxide assays. The nanoparticles and extract exhibited good antioxidant activity with the values of 9.3 ± 0.2 and 11.2 ± 0.6 in the DPPH assay, respectively, in comparison with the standard butyl hydroxyanisole (6.5 ± 0.4). The silver nanoparticles may be a good antioxidant agent for drug development and the food industry.