Biogenic synthesis of ferric nanoparticles of Phyllanthus emblica exhibited breast cancer effect via alteration of mTOR/Maf-1/PTEN signaling pathway

Abstract

Breast cancer is a major cause of mortality in females worldwide. Chemotherapeutic effects via utilizing natural, edible or synthetic drugs gaining an attention now a days and best approach against Breast cancer. In this experimental study, we fabricated the ferric oxide nanoparticles of Phyllanthus emblica extract (PEFeNPs) and scrutinized against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced mammary cancer in rodents and explore the possible underlying mechanism. Ferric nanoparticle of Phyllanthus emblica were synthesized, characterized using different spectroscopy method and its efficacy were tested against tumour bearing rats. Different biochemical parameter such as antioxidant profile, proinflammatory cytokines, biotransformation enzymes, gene expression, mitochondrial parameter, glycoprotein were analyzed in the serum or breast tissue. Histology study was performed to determine the reduction in the mammary tissue architecture. Fabricated PEFeNPs showed well defined structure and presence of iron in EDX. Rats treated with PEFeNPs exhibited improved body weight and alteration in organ weight. PEFeNPs significantly (P < 0.001) altered the antioxidant, glycoprotein, mitochondrial, inflammatory cytokines, hematological and biotransformation enzymes. It also altered the mRNA expression of Pi3K, phospho mTOR, phospho AKT, Liver X receptor alpha (LXRα), Liver X receptor beta (LXRβ) and Maf1. Histopathological study also supported the potential anticancer activity of PEFeNPs with well-organized tissue architecture. In short, the results of present research suggested the chemopreventive effect of iron oxide nanoparticles against the DMBA induced mammary cancer via alteration of oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.