Biogenic silver nanoparticles: in vitro activity against Staphylococcus aureus methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and multidrug-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS).

Abstract

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria are one problem in health since the therapeutic alternative are reduced. For this, the application of nanotechnology through functionalized nanoparticles, like a biogenic silver nanoparticle (Bio-AgNP), obtained by biological synthesis, emerges as a possible alternative against the MDR bacteria. This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterialand antibiofilm activity of Bio-AgNP obtained for biological synthesis by Fusarium oxysporum strain 551 against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and MDR coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) isolates. Bio-AgNP has activity against S. aureus ATCC 25904, Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 35984, and MDR isolates, with minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 3.75 to 15 μg.mL-1 and minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) from 7.5 to 30 μg.mL-1. In the membrane leakage assay, it was observed that all concentrations tested led to proteins release from the cellular content dose-dependently, where the highest concentrations led to higher protein in the supernatant. The 2×MIC of Bio-AgNP killed ATCC 35984 after 6h of treatment, and ATCC 25904 and S. aureus (SA3) strains after 24h of treatment. The 4×MIC was bactericidal in 6h of treatment for all strains in the study. The biofilm of MDR isolates was inhibited in 80.94 to 100% and eradicated in 60 to 94%. The confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analysis demonstrated similar results to the antibiofilm assays. The Bio-AgNP has antibacterial and antibiofilm activity and can be a promising therapeutic alternative against MDR bacteria.