Abstract
Infectious diseases are one of the most important health problems worldwide, one of the main causes being the development of multi-resistant microorganisms. Likewise, the zoonotic potential of some pathogens and their ability to transfer resistance mechanisms, reduce the therapeutic options in both humans and animals. Salmonella enterica is an important pathogen that affects a wide range of animal species and humans, being Salmonella Typhimurium one of the most frequent serotypes affecting cattle, causing enteritis, diarrhea, and septicemia. The search for alternative therapeutic approaches has gained importance since the emergence of multidrug resistance to antibiotics and periodic outbreaks of salmonellosis. In this sense, the discovery of new drugs and the development of new strategies, such as the use of nanoparticles with antimicrobial activity, are very promising. The aim of this work was the extracellular production of biogenic silver nanoparticles using fungal extracts and the evaluation of their antimicrobial activity against resistant and multi-resistant Salmonella Typhimurium strains. We here demonstrated the potential of the biogenic nanoparticles as effective bacteriostatic and bactericidal agents for use in biomedical applications. In addition, Confocal Raman Microscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy were used to advance the understanding of the antimicrobial mechanism of biogenic nanoparticles against these pathogenic strains, the results of which suggested that the nanoparticles produced damage in several bacterial cell structures.
Highlights
Salmonella enterica is a causal agent of foodborne diseases with a significant impact on public health, affecting both humans and a wide range of animal species
The silver nanoparticles synthesized with Phanerochaete chrysosporium extracts were stable after their purification by centrifugation, as previously reported by our group (Sanguiñedo et al, 2018)
The size of the NPs was determined by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS)
Summary
Salmonella enterica is a causal agent of foodborne diseases with a significant impact on public health, affecting both humans and a wide range of animal species. More than 2,500 serotypes of Salmonella spp. have been reported, only a few affect livestock In this species, Salmonella Typhimurium is one of the most frequent serotypes and etiological agent of enteritis, diarrhea and septicemia (Casaux et al, 2019). This report included fecal samples from diarrheal calves and organ samples from calves that had succumbed to salmonellosis This serotype presented the highest resistance patterns and has been reported in humans, highlighting its zoonotic potential (Casaux et al, 2019)
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