Biogenic Fabrication of Iron/Iron Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Application

Khwaja Salahuddin Siddiqi,Tajuddin Tajuddin,Aziz Ur Rahman,Azamal Husen

doi:10.1186/s11671-016-1714-0

Khwaja Salahuddin Siddiqi, Tajuddin Tajuddin + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s11671-016-1714-0

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Abstract

Enshrined in this review are the biogenic fabrication and applications of coated and uncoated iron and iron oxide nanoparticles. Depending on their magnetic properties, they have been used in the treatment of cancer, drug delivery system, MRI, and catalysis and removal of pesticides from potable water. The polymer-coated iron and iron oxide nanoparticles are made biocompatible, and their slow release makes them more effective and lasting. Their cytotoxicity against microbes under aerobic/anaerobic conditions has also been discussed. The magnetic moment of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles changes with their interaction with biomolecules as a consequence of which their size decreases. Their biological efficacy has been found to be dependent on the shape, size, and concentration of these nanoparticles.

Highlights

Many physical and chemical methods have been developed for the fabrication of nanoparticles
The cytotoxicity is due to the magnetic properties of the elemental iron nanoparticle; the oxidation of which is delayed by coating them with gold
Iron and iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles can be fabricated by plant extracts or microbes such as fungi and microalgae

Summary

Introduction

Many physical and chemical methods have been developed for the fabrication of nanoparticles. Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles have great potential as a drug carrier and MRI agent and in tissue repair and in the treatment of tumor [45]. An attempt has been made to review the biogenic fabrication of magnetic iron and iron oxide nanoparticles and their application in drug delivery and cancer therapy and as a sensor for the detection of pesticides.

Results

Conclusion