Biogenic Copper Nanoparticles from combined leaf extracts of Catharanthus roseus (L.) and Abutilon indicum(L.) and their biological effects – an In vitro study

Abstract

Plant-based (Green) synthesis of Copper nanoparticles is of much interest to researchers currently because of its important applications in various fields of biotechnology. In this study, the production of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) utilizing an ethanolic extract of Catharanthus roseus (L.) and Abutilon indicum (L.) leaves extract (CALE) and assess the therapeutical use of these nanoparticles. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was done by using this ethanolic crude extract of the combined plant. The phytochemical tests showed positive results for the phytochemicals alkaloids, phenols, tannins, terpenoids, and phytosterols. The leaf extract was used for the synthesis of copper nanoparticles and in the reduction and capping of the combined leaf extract CuNPs, it was discovered that the bioactive phytoconstituents condensed tannins, played a crucial role by the reduction of copper ions was identified by the change in color from blue to light green. SEM image showed the morphology and size of the nanoparticles and their binding ability with the combined leaf extracts. The spherical biogenic combined leaf extracts of CuNP’s were measured to have a size between 5 and 25 nm by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) examination, Ultraviolet-Visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis) showed maximum wavelength at 224nm and XRD showed three strong peaks for its crystallinity and maximum was observed at 2063.0. From their characterization of synthesized CuNPs anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory methods were assessed. The samples showed different diameters of zone of inhibition at different concentrations by using Ampicillin as positive control. The synthesized nanoparticles showed a concentration-dependent anti-inflammatory activity, and the protection percentage increased with an increase in the concentration of the samples.