Abstract
New composites containing a natural filler made of diatom shells (frustules), permitting the modification of polylactide matrix, were produced by Fused Deposition Modelling (3D printing) and were thoroughly examined. Two mesh fractions of the filler were used, one of <40 µm and the other of 40−63 µm, in order to check the effect of the filler particle size on the composite properties. The composites obtained contained diatom shells in the concentrations from 0% to 5% wt. (0−27.5% vol.) and were subjected to rheological analysis. The composites obtained as filaments of 1.75 mm in diameter were used for 3D printing. The printed samples were characterized as to hydrophilic–hydrophobic, thermal and mechanical properties. The functional parameters of the printed objects, e.g., mechanical characteristics, stability on contact with water and water contact angle, were measured. The results revealed differences in the processing behavior of the samples as well as the effect of secondary granulation of the filler on the parameters of the printing and mechanical properties of the composites.
Highlights
IntroductionKnown as 3D printing, have become a key type of processing of
Additive technologies, known as 3D printing, have become a key type of processing of4.0 Industry
The composites obtained by the modification of polylactide (PLA) with diatomaceous earth were were characterized by higher thermal stability and a greater degree of hydrophobicity than neat characterized by higher thermal stability and a greater degree of hydrophobicity than neat PLA
Summary
Known as 3D printing, have become a key type of processing of. They were developed in the beginning of the 1980s, their rapid growth started nearly a decade ago, mainly because of finding solutions permitting cost reduction, and cessation of patent protection. Until that time, these technologies were inaccessible for individuals, small companies, research and technology workers concerned with the improvement of technologies and designing new materials. The area of additive technologies has entered a new phase of development and arouses increasing interest in many branches of the industry. Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) is a popular method for the production of elements made of thermoplastic materials [1,2]
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