Abstract
Ceria nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) are generally considered in various functional applications, such as catalysts in fuel cells, sensors, and antioxidant and oxidase-like enzymes in the biological environment. The CeO2 NPs were synthesized using the E. globulus leaf extract-mediated hydrothermal technique. The synthesized NPs were characterized by various analytical instruments including powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis. The XRD results showed an average NPs sizes of 13.7 nm. Cytotoxic study results showed an IC50 value of 45.5 µg/L for A549 and 58.2 µg/L for HCT 116, indicating that CeO2 NPs are more toxic to A549 compared to HCT116 cell lines. The generation of ROS was responsible for its cytotoxic activity against cancer cell lines. Specific surface area (40.96 m2/g) and pore diameter (7.8 nm) were measured using Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms. CeO2 NPs with a high surface area were used as photocatalyst in degrading sunset yellow (SY) dye under UV-irradiation and 97.3% of the dye was degraded within 90 min. These results suggest that the synthesized CeO2 NPs could be used as a good photocatalyst as well as a cytotoxic agent against human cancer cell lines.
Highlights
Nanomaterials having a high surface area, smaller size and different shapes, allow them to be used in different applications with enhanced properties [1,2]
2.1F. rMesahterEia.lsglobulus leaves were collected from University of Hyderabad campus, Hyderabad, India dFurersihngE.thgleobusplursinlegavseesaswoenr.e coClleercoteuds frnoimtraUtenihvexrsaihtyydorfaHteyd[Cerea(bNadO3c)a3m·6pHu2sO, ]H, yMdeTraTba[d3,(4, 5-dIinmdieathydluthrinazgolt-h2-eyl)s-p2r,i5n-gdipsehaesnoynl.tetCraezroulisumnibtroatme idhee]x, aDhCyFdHra2te-DA[C(e2(,N2dOi3c)h3.l6oHro2O-d]i,floMuTreTsce[3in-(d4,ye) and5-dDiPmPeHthy(2lt,h2iaDzoipl-h2e-ynly)-l2-1, -5p-idcripyhlheyndylrtaeztryalz)owlieurme pburrocmhaidsee]d, fDroCmFHS2i-gDmAa-A(2l,2ddrichhl,oIrnod-diai.flHouurmesacenincell lindesyeA) 5a4n9danDdPHPHCT(-21,162wDeirpehpernoyclu-1r-epdicfrryolmhydArTaCzyCl)(NwCerCeS,pPuurcnhea,sIenddifar)ofmor Sthigemcaa-lAculdlartiechd,cIyntdotiao.xic stuHduy.mManillci-eQll wlinateesr Aw5a4s9uasnedd iHn CalTl-e1x1p6ewrimereenptsr.ocured from ATCC (NCCS, Pune, India) for the calculated cytotoxic study
S“cOan”naintogmEslecwtriothn Matoicmroisccoppeyrc(SeEnMtag) eAn(7a9ly.8s7is% and 14.49%) and weight percentage (43.30% and 46.56F%ig),urrees3paecrteipvreelsye.nAtsvthereySlEeMss iimntaegnesewchaircbhosnhopweaskspishseereicnaldmueortpohtohleogcoynotfritbhuetpioanrtiocflecsa.rFbiognurteap3eb arettvaecahlesdthoenEtDheAsXtusbpescutrrufamceo. f CeO2 NPs with elemental analysis confirming the presence of “Ce” and “3rOe.3s”.pPeaoctowtimvdeesrlywX. iA-trhavyaetDroyimflferiascscptiienorntceeAnnsnetaaclgyaesrib(s7o9n.8p7e%akainsdse1e4n.4d9u%e)taontdhewceoingthrtibpuetricoennotaf gcear(b4o3n.3t0a%peaantdta4c6h.e5d6%on), the sFtuigbusruerf3acces.hows XRD pattern of the synthesized CeO2 NPs exhibiting the peaks at 2θ values with hkl indexing of 28.54° (111), 33.07° (200), 47.47° (220), 56.33° (311), 59.07° (222), 69.40° (400), 736.3.6. 8P°ow(3d3e1r)X, -7r9a.y06D°iff(4ra2c0t)i,onanAdna8ly8s.4is1° (422)
Summary
Nanomaterials having a high surface area, smaller size and different shapes, allow them to be used in different applications with enhanced properties [1,2]. During solution-phase catalysis or adsorption studies, the stability of the NPs dispersion in the solution is highly important For this reason dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis is carried out to measure the zeta potential as well as the hydrodynamic diameter. In another study carbohydrate sugars (0.05 M) (i.e., lactose, glucose and fructose) were used to synthesize CeO2 NPs using the microwave method [15] and MTT [3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide] assay was performed to check the cytotoxicity of CeO2 NPs against mesenchymal stem cells after exposure to NPs (400, 200, 100, 50, 25 and 12.5 mM of 2–6 nm) for duration of 24 h, the cell viability decreased with increasing nanoparticle dose This result suggests that CeO2 NPs have potential for use in biomedical applications. We evaluated its cytotoxicity on human cancer cells such as colon carcinoma (HCT 116) and Adeno carcinoma (A549) cell lines
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