Abstract
Escherichia coli is the most common cause of urinary tract infections (UTI). Depending on the virulence of the organism and the efficiency of the host defense system, these UTI appear either as asymptomatic bacteriuria, acute cystitis or acute pyelonephritis. A number of putative virulence properties have been recognized in E. coli isolates associated with acute pyelonephritis in otherwise uncompromised children. One such property is the ability to express mannose-resistant (MR) hemagglutinins. Most E. coli are capable of forming type 1 pili that carry a mannosespecific adhesin. Pyelonephritogenic E. coli additionally carry one or more chromosomal gene clusters that encode pili associated with MR hemagglutination. Of the several MR hemagglutinins that are known today, the best characterized is the Galα(1–4)Gal-specific adhesin associated with P-pili. The name P-pili refers to the observation that this adhesin acts as a hemagglutinin for erythrocytes which express any of the P blood group antigens.
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