Abstract
Production of biogasoline from vegetable oil is one of the future directions in providing fuels for post-oil society. The catalytic cracking of refined bleached deodorized palm oil over a promoted ZSM-5 catalyst was carried out in a fixed-bed reactor. The fixed-bed catalytic process consists of three steps including reaction, stripping, and regeneration. The optimal catalytic cracking parameters were determined. The properties of catalyst were investigated by thermogravimetry analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and N2 physisorption analysis while regeneration temperature effect toward catalyst acidity is being investigated by NH3 temperature programmed desorption technique. The apparent results show that the optimized reaction temperature was at 500 °C with a WHSV of 2.5 h−1 and the reaction time of 2 h. Meanwhile, the most effective regeneration temperature was found at 600 °C for three cycles of reaction–regeneration operation. During these cycles, 100% conversion of triglycerides and 48% selectivity to bio-naphtha can still be achieved.
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