Abstract
In this research study, the feasibility of waste to biogas conversion in a sanitary landfill unit was investigated. The academic work was about quantifying the methane emission values during the wet season, by applying the FOD method on a static flux chamber and a pilot-scale sanitary landfill, and the methane emission potential table was established. The study was conducted for a period of 16 weeks from November 2018 to February 2019. The waste used in the pilot-scale sanitary landfill included food and cattle waste. It was observed that the methane emission rate peaked at 0.25 g/m2.d during week 10 and decreased to 0.12 g/m2.d during week 16. In addition, the carbon dioxide concentration obtained was 45% during the anaerobic phases and around 50% during the aerobic phases. The academic work studied the contribution of leachate pH, waste moisture content, and gas temperature to change methane emission values. The waste moisture content proved to have a direct relationship with the methane emission values, unlike the gas temperature. The leachate pH value during week 10/5th test day was found to be 7.92, and increased steadily throughout the remaining study period, even though the methane emission values decreased during that period (after week 10/5th test day).It was observed that the leachate recirculation process decreased the leachate content even though it affected the methane emission values.
Highlights
Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal by landfilling is the most utilized method for waste disposal[1,3,9,19,24]
The static flux chamber is applied on the pilot-scale sanitary landfill, and first order decay (FOD) is used to quantify the methane emission. 250 kg of waste was used in the bioreactor
The study illustrated that the methane emission rate peaked at 0.25 g/ m2. d during week 10, and decreased to 0.12 g/ m2. d during week 16, and using these outcomes the methane emission potential table was established
Summary
Municipal solid waste (MSW) disposal by landfilling is the most utilized method for waste disposal[1,3,9,19,24]. Sanitary landfilling is a process of disposing of MSW – non-hazardous waste – on land without causing any disturbance to the surrounding environment [10,23,24]. The sanitary landfill’s biological, physical and chemical processes results in the production of leachate and landfill gas (LFG) - the outcomes are produced through anaerobic conditions [4,24]. The hydrolysis or aerobic degradation stage initiates as the waste is placed, and the aerobic micro-organisms degradation capabilities depend on the waste oxygen content. The hydrolysis and fermentation stage initiates as the oxygen is consumed- from the previous stage, which in turn conditions to anaerobic conditions. The acetogenesis stage occurs under anaerobic conditions, the acetogen micro-organisms convert the organic acids produced from the previous stage to acetic acid, acetic acid derivatives, (CO2) and hydrogen. The methanogenesis stage occurs under anaerobic conditions, the LFG
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