Abstract
One of the alternative sources for clean energy is biogas. Generating energy from agrowaste and effluents can lessen environmental impacts. This study was conducted to determine the production of biogas from six potential substrates, i.e. goat dung (GD), chicken dung (CD), fish waste (FW), rice waste (RW), palm oil mill effluent (POME) and sewage sludge (SS) using industrial inoculum as catalysts. Biophysical characteristics were assessed using laboratory-based analyses, whereas the Bio-Methane Potential (BMP) assay was used to measure anaerobic biogas production in mesophilic condition for 20 consecutive days. Results revealed that rice waste with industrial inoculum produces the highest amount of biogas, followed by goat dung, chicken dung, fish waste, palm oil mill effluent and sewage sludge with total amount of 3508.9 mL, 2141 mL, 1885.7 mL, 1546.0 mL, 743.8 mL and 547.7 mL, respectively. In conclusion, all substrates used in this study can be combined with industrial inoculum would serve producing energy in a small-scale industry.
Highlights
Biogas is a mixture of methane gas (CH4) with composition of 40% to 70%, carbon dioxide gas (CO2) with 25% to 40%, hydrogen gas (H2) with less than one part per millions, nitrogen (
High remains from animal manure causing water and odour pollution due to the high content of ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulphide (H2S) in the manure [3].This paper determines the biophysical characteristics of six potential wastes, i.e. goat dung (GD), chicken dung (CD), Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME), sewage sludge (SS), rice waste (RW) and fish waste (FW)
High temperature will lower the biogas productions as high temperature will trigger the production of ammonia gas that retarded the methanogenic activity [5]
Summary
Biogas is a mixture of methane gas (CH4) with composition of 40% to 70%, carbon dioxide gas (CO2) with 25% to 40%, hydrogen gas (H2) with less than one part per millions (ppm), nitrogen (
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