Biogas as a Sustainable and Renewable Energy Source

Abstract

AbstractThe generation of waste is an inseparable element of human functioning. Among all produced waste, biodegradable waste plays a specific role. This is because waste is formed in every area, every day. One of the methods of biodegradable waste management is the anaerobic digestion process. The product of the discussed process is biogas, which is a source of sustainable and renewable energy. Anaerobic digestion is a biochemical process consisting of four phases: hydrolysis, acidogenesis, acetogenesis, and methanogenesis. As a result of numerous changes, biogas is produced from various substrates rich in organic matter. The advantage of biogas is its many possible uses. The biogas can be used to produce electricity and heat in cogeneration and it can be used as fuel for vehicles or pump to the natural gas grid after purification to biomethane. The paper will include, among others, such information as: construction and operation of biogas plant, biogas production process, substrates and product of anaerobic digestion process, the use of biogas taking into account the possible use in sustainable mobility. Special attention has been targeted at environmental aspects of biogas production and management. The production of renewable energy following sustainable development is one of the tools in the fight against global warming. The effect of rational biodegradable waste management will be energy production, directly related to reducing of the amount of waste intended for landfills. Biogas is a renewable energy source with many advantages. Its production fits perfectly into the activities of sustainable development. Therefore, the growth of the biogas market is expected all over the world.KeywordsRenewable energyBiofuelsBiogasWaste managementEnvironmental protectionSustainable mobilityCircular economy