Abstract
The purpose of this study was to assess abattoir waste generation in Hawassa Municipality Abattoir (HMA) andits potential to produce biogas and bio-fertilizer employing a cross-sectional design and mathematical computation based on standard coefficients. The study demonstrated that HMA generates 885,881.6Kg of abattoir waste per year and using anaerobic digestion about 46,951.72m 3 /year of biogas can be produced. This waste has the potential of generating a total energy of 246,027.01KWh/year. The biogas or energy from the waste can replace the biomass (firewood and charcoal) and the expensive fossil fuels. Using the produced46, 951.72m 3 /year biogas could reduce the annual CO 2 emission of 150,600.10Kg/kWh from kerosene, 150,600.10Kg/kWh from petrol, 132,882.50Kg/kWh from diesel or 132,882.50Kg/kWh from LPG use. The abattoir will be able to produce an estimated 65,112.3 Kg/year dry bio-fertilizer from biogas technology and this bio-fertilizer can be supplied to local farmers for crop production or can be used by city municipality for growing plants used for beautification. This obtainable bio- fertilizer is valued 29,951.66 USDper annum and to a certain extent will contribute to the reduction of domestic demand of chemical fertilizer thus will reduce the annual budget. As a long-term and sustainable waste management solution, installing anaerobic digestion plant is recommended, but using proper disposal method among the existing would serve as a short-term solution. Keywords: - Abattoir, Bio-fertilizer, Biogas, Energy, Hawassa, Waste
Highlights
According to Chukwu (2008), the most important cause of improper management of abattoir waste is absence and lack of properly designed abattoir; lack of regulations on restriction and prohibition of indiscriminate and unsafe wastes discharge; insufficient skill of waste handlers; poor quality of equipment and lack of political commitment and awareness
The result revealed that the slaughtered number of cattle in each month was varied and this seems to be due to different fasting periods and different holidays and, due to occasional festivity happened in the year
The present study demonstrated that Hawassa Municipality Abattoir (HMA) generates 2,456.04Kg and 885,881.6Kg of abattoir waste per day and year, respectively (Table 1)
Summary
According to Chukwu (2008), the most important cause of improper management of abattoir waste is absence and lack of properly designed abattoir; lack of regulations on restriction and prohibition of indiscriminate and unsafe wastes discharge; insufficient skill of waste handlers; poor quality of equipment and lack of political commitment and awareness. According to Cvetković et al (2014), abattoir waste is an ideal substrate for biogas production, because it contains high concentration of organic matter (proteins and lipids).According to Amigun and Blottnitz (2010) and B-Sustain (2013a) the economic benefits of biogas technology include the financial benefits, social benefits to environment, health, employment, gender, and poverty reduction benefits. The above descriptions clearly show that it is possible that part of the abattoir wastes in cities and towns of Ethiopia can be used to produce biogas and associated valuable products. Hawassa Municipality Abattoir (HMA) has been releasing its untreated abattoir waste into the open surrounding environment indicating poor waste management practice. The main purpose of the study was to assess the amount of waste generated by HMA and to determine its potential to produce biogas and bio-fertilizer as means of sustainable waste management
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