Biofunctionalized platforms towards long-term neural interface

Abstract

Implantable neural interface enables the direct communication between a neural device and native neural tissue. Neural interface technology is critical in neuroscience research, diagnosis of nervous disorders, and treatment of neural diseases. Neural interface technology has been well developed with advances in functional materials and microfabrication techniques. However, the long-term in vivo performance of the device remains a big challenge due to the complex inevitable foreign body reactions and poor neuronal contact. To address this problem, biomolecules and drugs are chosen to functionalize the electrode for improving the neuron–electrode interactions. This focused review discusses recent efforts to functionalize neural electrode using biomolecules and drugs on different parts of the electrode. The main focus is placed on the in vitro and in vivo performances of the functionalized interface. Challenges and opportunities in biofunctionalized neural interface are also discussed.