Abstract
(1) Background: To increase the biochemical productivity and to reduce the production cost of microalgal biodiesel, this study aimed to investigate the effects of CO2 on biomass, fatty acids, carbon-hydrogen, and biochemical accumulation of the marine diatom, Amphora coffeaeformis RR03 (A. coffeaeformis) RR03. (2) Methods: Fatty acid composition of the dry biomass of A. coffeaeformis RR03 was analysed using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). (3) Results: The results showed that A. coffeaeformis RR03 contained high biomass productivity and biochemical composition in different cultivation conditions. A. coffeaeformis RR03 showed maximum growth of 5.2 × 106/mL on 21st day cultivation under CO2 supply. The bio-crude oil production from A. coffeaeformis RR03 was 36.19 megajoule (MJ). GC-MS analysis found that the dry biomass of A. coffeaeformis RR03 contained maximum of 47.72% fatty acids of 16-octadecanoic acid methyl ester (10:12) and 19.58% pentadecanoic acid, 13-methyl-, and methyl ester (9.24). (4) Conclusion: The results of this study may suggest that a novel diatom of A. coffeaeformis RR03 could be a suitable candidate for biocrude production in order to meet the future demand of energy.
Highlights
Marine diatoms, which are the most important eukaryotic phytoplankton for carbon sequestration and the main producers within phytoplankton today, contribute more than 40% of the global oceanic organic carbon production per year and are responsible for up to 25% of the global CO2 fixation [1]
The alga grown in another pond in F/2 medium inoculated with 0.05 g L−1 of dry biomass was gradually increased to a maximum of 0.79 g L−1 on 18th day, which was similar to the dry biomass recorded in the modified CFTRI-RRAC I medium on 15th day
The results of this study show that a novel diatom of A. coffeaeformis RR03 could be a suitable candidate for biocrude production: it could meet the future demand of energy, because it contains high amount of biomass
Summary
Marine diatoms, which are the most important eukaryotic phytoplankton for carbon sequestration and the main producers within phytoplankton today, contribute more than 40% of the global oceanic organic carbon production per year and are responsible for up to 25% of the global CO2 fixation [1]. Marine strains showed more resistance to environmental changes in cultivation, as they are adapted to survive in high levels of salinity. For this reason, and due to the large seawater availability, which can be used in microalgae culture, it is expected that these microorganisms may supply the growing biofuel demand, shifting it from petroleum, natural gas, and coal derived fuels to biofuels produced from marine microalgae [3].
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