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Abstract
ABSTRACT The release of wastewater and the shrimp feed cost are the main challenges faced by the shrimp farming industry. An alternative solution to both problems is biofloc production in a unit external to the farm, in an activated sludge system for effluent treatment. The treatment system’s influent was composed of the shrimp farm wastewater supplemented with urea and sugarcane molasses. The results show that the average removal of chemical oxygen demand was 71% and the average biofloc production in the reactor was approximately 1.5g.L-1. Adding molasses to the influent contributed to the increase in the quantity and diversity of existing microorganisms that are beneficial to cultured shrimp. The mass balance of nitrogen compounds confirmed that nitrification occurred in the system. Therefore, the use of the activated sludge system is a viable and environmentally suitable alternative to produce bioflocs and shrimp farming effluent treatment.
Highlights
Shrimp is one of the most important commodities in the global seafood market (LEUNG & ENGLE, 2008)
According to Fróes et al (2012) and Schveitzer et al (2013a), the addition of sugarcane molasses as an external source of carbon to the activated sludge system (ASS) favors the transition from an autotrophic to a heterotrophic medium and the control of nitrogen compounds in the system, which is in agreement to the findings of this work
The addition of molasses to the influent of the activated sludge system contributed to the increase in volatile suspended solids (VSS), which aggregated in the form of flocs, thereby decreasing their concentration in the effluent
Summary
Shrimp is one of the most important commodities in the global seafood market (LEUNG & ENGLE, 2008). According to the FAO report (2015), 2 × 106 tons of shrimp were produced in 2015 in culture farms, located mainly in China, Thailand, Indonesia, India, Vietnam, Brazil, Ecuador, and Bangladesh (WWF, 2016). This economic activity depends on the availability of a large amount of good-quality water, which has an impact on the estuarine aquatic environments. Environmental degradation occurs as a result of the intensive use of mangrove areas that are converted into farming areas, thereby causing the extinction of ecosystems that are essential for aquatic life (EMERENCIANO; GAXIOLA; CUZON, 2013). According to Barraza-Guardado et al (2013), there is still
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