Abstract
ABSTRACT: This review aimed to describe the biofilm formation ability of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus, addressing its impact to the food industry. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus have the ability to produce enterotoxins in food, making it an important line of study, as it constitutes a risk to public health. The biofilm formation by these microorganisms requires physicochemical processes, such as hydrophobic forces, which are essential for the first phase of fixing the biofilm on the surface. In industrial facilities, stainless steel equipment is the most associated with the formation of biofilms, due to the presence grooves and cracks. Many species of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus produce biofilm, but the most studied is S. epidermidis, as it is the most frequently isolated from food. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus form biofilm on different surfaces in the food industry, and can become a source of permanent contamination, that can be present in the final product, intended for human consumption. Among other alternatives to combat the formation of biofilm in industrial food facilities, there is the implementation of Good Manufacturing Practices, which is effective in preventing bacterial adhesion, and therefore, the formation of biofilm. However, further studies are needed in order to quantify the occurrence of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus biofilms in the food industry.
Highlights
Bacteria of the Staphylococcus genus belong to the Staphylococcaceae family, are cocci, Gram positive, facultative anaerobic, immobile, non-spore-forming, and can produce the catalase enzyme (PRADO et al, 2015)
Food poisoning by Staphylococcus spp. is considered the second most commonly reported foodborne illness (BRASIL, 2016), being a common cause of intoxication due to the ingestion of food contaminated with staphylococcal enterotoxins (SES) produced during bacterial multiplication (FERREIRA et al, 2018)
The constituted biofilms represent a source of permanent contamination in the industry, since they can become strongly adhered to the surfaces of equipment and facilities, and can contaminate food by releasing parts of them (JOSEPH et al, 2001)
Summary
Bacteria of the Staphylococcus genus belong to the Staphylococcaceae family, are cocci, Gram positive, facultative anaerobic, immobile, non-spore-forming, and can produce the catalase enzyme (PRADO et al, 2015). The constituted biofilms represent a source of permanent contamination in the industry, since they can become strongly adhered to the surfaces of equipment and facilities, and can contaminate food by releasing parts of them (JOSEPH et al, 2001).
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