Abstract
Staphylococcal biofilms are prominent cause for acute and chronic infection both in hospital and community settings across the world. Current study explores biofilm formation by Staphylococcus aureus isolates from clinical samples by different methods. Standard techniques used for the characterization of S.aureus. Qualitative and quantitative biofilm formation was assessed by Congo red Agar, Tube and Microtiter plate methods. A total of 188 clinical isolates of S.aureus were screened for biofilm formation and 72 (38.29%) of them were found to be biofilm producers, 34 (18.08%) strong, 38 (20.21%) moderate. The remaining 116 (61.7%) were weak/ non biofilm producers. Maximum biofilm formers were recorded in pus samples (39.06%), followed by isolates from blood (38.23%) and urine (34.61%). Statistical analysis for the formation of biofilm indicated that Microtiter plate method is the most sensitive and specific method for screening biofilm production. Biofilm formation is one of the influential virulence factor in staphylococcal pathogenesis and persistence. Microtiter plate and Congo red agar remain as reliable methods for the qualitative and quantitative estimation of biofilm formation. Monitoring of biofilm formation in various etiological agents will help in determining the severity of infection.
Highlights
Staphylococcal biofilms are prominent cause for acute and chronic infection both in hospital and community settings across the world
The present study evaluates the biofilm formation by clinical isolates of S. aureus obtained from different locations in India using three different methods namely, Congo red agar, Tube method and Microtiter plate method
A total of 72 (38.29%) S. aureus isolates were recorded as biofilm
Summary
Implantable medical devices have become indispensable in healthcare systems, they provide good surface for the attachment of adherent bacteria and result in device related chronic infections, which will be difficult to treat. The ability to form biofilm, an important virulence factor is expressed by many pathogenic bacteria, and the Staphylococci are the most common etiological agents of device related infections [1]. Many reports are available for isolation of pathogens from biofilm on medical devices such as roll plate method and endoluminal brush technique [8]. Molecular analysis such as Transcriptome and proteomic studies have promising solutions in the identification and expression. The present study evaluates the biofilm formation by clinical isolates of S. aureus obtained from different locations in India using three different methods namely, Congo red agar, Tube method and Microtiter plate method
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