Biofilm Formation between Species Associated with Denture Stomatitis

Sharifah Nabihah Syed Abdurahman,Syatirah Najmi Abdullah,Nik Mohamad Faris Azzimi Nik Zulkifli,Siti Aisyah Abd Ghafar

doi:10.31487/j.dobcr.2020.06.02

Abstract

Denture stomatitis (DS) can affect about 70% of denture wearers causing inflammation of oral mucosa underneath the removable denture mostly seen at the palatal area. Candida albicans is a well-known as the main causative agent associated with denture stomatitis. Studies shown that DS-related biofilm consists of complex structured of microbial communities. Presence of co-existing bacteria in these biofilms may also contribute to the infection. In order to understand the microbial interaction between C. albicans and bacteria, this study focus on the ability of bacteria species which are Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilm with and without the presence of C. albicans. For this study, two groups were observed which are the single species biofilm and the mixed species biofilm. Biofilm assay was utilized to measure biofilm mass using spectrophotometer. From the observation, single species groups formed a better biofilm when compared to fungal-bacterial biofilm. Even though biofilm assay is unable to determine the number of cell available, both species were present when fungal-bacterial biofilm sample was observed microscopically using Gram stain technique. This experiment showed that both fungal and bacteria species are able to form biofilm together and this finding can be investigated further for better understanding of DSrelated biofilm.

Highlights

IntroductionMicrobial biofilms are associated with medical device infection and it is known that Candida- associated denture stomatitis (DS) is caused by Candida spp. that coexist with oral bacteria [1, 2]
In order to understand the microbial interaction between C. albicans and bacteria, this study focus on the ability of bacteria species which are Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus to form biofilm with and without the presence of C. albicans
Microbial biofilms are associated with medical device infection and it is known that Candida- associated denture stomatitis (DS) is caused by Candida spp. that coexist with oral bacteria [1, 2]

Summary

Introduction

Microbial biofilms are associated with medical device infection and it is known that Candida- associated denture stomatitis (DS) is caused by Candida spp. that coexist with oral bacteria [1, 2]. Denture stomatitis are caused by yeasts, typically Candida albicans, other species such as C. parapsilosis, C. tropicalis, C. glabrata, C. krusei, C. guilliermondii and C. dubliniensis, may contribute to the pathogenesis of the disease [3]. There were bacteria from several genera such as Streptococcus, Veillonella, Lactobacillus, Prevotella and Actinomyces spp. isolated in DS samples [4]. Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans are the common colonizers of DS from the samples and there were other bacterial species identified on denture surfaces such S. sanguinis, S. gordonii, A. odontolyticus and A. viscosus [3, 5, 6]. It is necessary to understand if the presence of bacteria with C. albicans will improve the biofilm formation. The objective of this study is to investigate the biofilm formation of single and mixed species communities by comparing biofilm mass between single species biofilm and fungalbacterial biofilm using crystal violet assay

Objectives

Methods

Conclusion