Biofilm Formation and Its Association with Antimicrobial Resistance among Clinical Isolates of Acinetobacter baumanii at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City of Bangladesh

Abstract

Background: Acinetobacter baumanii is responsible for nosocomial infections which are related to the biofilm forming capacity of this pathogen.
 Objective: The purpose of the present study was to detect biofilm formation in clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii and to observe relationship between biofilm formations with its antimicrobial resistance.
 Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology of Dhaka Medical College and Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2015 to June 2016. Acinetobacter baumannii was isolated from different specimens and was identified and were screened for biofilm production by tissue culture plate method. Antimicrobial susceptibility test was done by disc diffusion method.
 Results: A total 300 samples were studied of which 26(8.7%) were Acinetobacter baumannii. From 26 isolated Acinetobacter baumannii, 16(61.5%) were biofilm producers. Biofilm producing Acinetobacter baumannii were 100% resistant to ceftriaxone, ceftazidime, amoxiclav, amikacin and ciprofloxacin. Resistance to imipenem, meropenem, cephotaxime, cefepime and gentamicin were also higher among biofilm producing Acinetobacter baumannii isolates than non-biofilm producers.
 Conclusions: In conclusion the ability of Acinetobacter baumannii forms biofilm and biofilm production has strong association with antimicrobial resistance.
 Bangladesh Journal of Infectious Diseases December 2021;8(2):82-86