Abstract
The wastewater has been an environmental problem, but your used as fertilizers could reduce or eliminate the application of commercial fertilizers in soil. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and nitrogen fixing bacteria (NFB) are a good parameter to analyze the impacts of this fertigationon soil. We aimed to evaluate the distribution and diversity of AMF and NFB before and after applications of wastewater or manure from green line of a cattle slaughterhouse in the irrigation of B. brizantha cv Marandu in Cerrado soil and leaf biomass productivity. The experimental design was performed in completely randomized blocks with ten biofertigation managements. The seeds of the forage were distributed in grooves with spacing of 5 cm. This seeds were covered with a soil layer. NFB and AMF diversity was performed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). The leaf biomass productivity in the biofertigation managements was higher than in the managements without the use wastewater/manure. After biofertigation managements, changes in the DGGE profile of the NFB and AMF communities were observed. These changes may be due to the difference in the sample collection period and in the soil humidification. Thus, these DGGE profiles was a good parameter to diagnose the efficacy of wastewater/manure as an alternative biotechnological irrigation.
Highlights
Cerrado in territorial extension is the second Brazilian biome with 204 million of hectares
The leaf biomass productivity in the biofertigation managements was higher than in the managements without the use wastewater/manure. These results show that, at this stage of plant growth, the use of the biofertigation has a positive effect on the growth and production of B. brizantha cv
The wastewater/manure managements showed better plant growth than the managements without the use of biofertigation (M1 and M2). These results show the potential of using wastewater/manure from the green line of cattle slaughterhouse in the production of B. brizantha. 3.2.4 Measurement of Viable Microorganisms in Soil After biofertigation, an increase in the number of viable microbial cells was observed, regardless of depth, when compared to the values obtained before forage planting (Tables 3 and 6)
Summary
Cerrado in territorial extension is the second Brazilian biome with 204 million of hectares. This biome plays a fundamental role in the flows of the main hydrographic basins of south American (Lima & Silva, 2007). About 55% of Brazilian meat production is made in this biome (Embrapa, 2006) These activities have caused an increase in the deforestation of forest areas, in the water consumption and in the use of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers (da Silva et al, 2017). Brazil has one of the largest cattle herds in the world, with about 215.2 million animals (IBGE, 2015). Eight million of these cattle are in the Cerrado of Tocantins state. According to the IBGE (2015), this amount may ranges from 1 to 2 million animals
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