Abstract
Background Each year, about 500,000 children are born in Italy and less than a thousand with a gestational age less than 26 weeks. In the past, they would very often be considered miscarriages or stillbirths. In recent years there has been a significant increase in their survival and the threshold of viability has gradually lowered to 22 weeks. The first bioethical issue on the health care of these infants involved the decision to start active care at birth. In Europe, about 19 scientific societies have published national guidelines on the care of infants < 26 weeks at birth.
Highlights
Each year, about 500,000 children are born in Italy and less than a thousand with a gestational age less than 26 weeks
Active resuscitation care is started on the basis of the clinical conditions
The approach of neonatologists to the care of extremely premature newborns differs across countries, as it is influenced by different medical, social ethical and legal considerations
Summary
About 500,000 children are born in Italy and less than a thousand with a gestational age less than 26 weeks. In the past, they would very often be considered miscarriages or stillbirths. In recent years there has been a significant increase in their survival and the threshold of viability has gradually lowered to 22 weeks. The first bioethical issue on the health care of these infants involved the decision to start active care at birth. In Europe, about 19 scientific societies have published national guidelines on the care of infants < 26 weeks at birth
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