Bioethanol Quality Improvement of Coffee Fruit Leather

Luluk Edahwati,Tri Widjaya,S Nana Dyah,Domas Cahyo,Atika Nandini,P Dyah Suci,Ali Altway,J Jamari,R Handogo,E Suryani

doi:10.1051/matecconf/20165801004

Abstract

Recently, Indonesia’s dependence on petroleum is to be reduced and even eliminated. To overcome the problem of finding the needed alternative materials that can produce ethanol, in this case as a substitute material or a transport fuel mix, boosting the octane number, and gasoline ethanol (gasohol) can be conducted. In the red coffee processing (cooking) that will produce 65% and 35% of coffee beans, coffee leather waste is a source of organic material with fairly high cellulose content of 46.82%, 3.01% of pectin and 7.68% of lignin. In this case, its existence is abundant in Indonesia and optimally utilized. During the coffee fruit peeling, the peel waste is only used as a mixture of animal feed or simply left to rot. The purpose of this study was to produce and improve the quality of the fruit skin of bioethanol from coffee cellulose. However, to improve the quality of bioethanol, the production of the lignin content in the skin of the coffee fruit should be eliminated or reduced. Hydrolysis process using organosolve method is expected to improve the quality of bioethanol produced. In particular, the use of enzyme Saccharomyces and Zymmomonas will change the resulting sugar into bioethanol. On one hand, by using batch distillation process for 8 hours with Saccharomyces , bioethanol obtains high purity which is 39.79%; on the other hand, by using the same batch distillation process with Zymmomonas , the bioethanol obtains 38.78%.

Highlights

Bioethanol has a great potential as an alternative fuel in various energy sectors, especially in the transport sector
Bioethanol is obtained from biomass and bioenergy crops which have been declared as one viable alternative to gasoline (Demirbas, 2011)
The purpose of this study is to look for alternative raw materials, and to review the process of hydrolysis, fermentation, and batch distillation process to produce bioethanol with high ethanol content

Summary

Introduction

Bioethanol has a great potential as an alternative fuel in various energy sectors, especially in the transport sector. In 2007, the United States of America became the largest bioethanol producer in the world with a capacity of fuel alcohol production of 51.5 billion liters from 180 plantations with bio-refinery (Walker, 2010). The production and the use of bio-ethanol has attracted more and more attention as a strategy for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and improving global energy security. The commercial production of bio-ethanol is mainly dependent on the fermentation of sucrose from sugar cane and molasses, or glucose from starch-based crops such as corn, wheat and cassava (Davis, RogerSB, Pearcec, & Peirisa, 2006). Brazil together with the US uses ethanol approximately 60.0% of the ethanol world production by utilizing sugar cane and corn (Chandel et al, 2007). Bioethanol is obtained from biomass and bioenergy crops which have been declared as one viable alternative to gasoline (Demirbas, 2011)

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Methods