Abstract
This preliminary study aims to exploit the biomass of microalgae Chlorella vulgaris; Scenedesmus obliquus; and Chlorococcum sp. in the form of a mixed culture as raw material of alternative fuels. Microalgae were cultivated in the artificial growth medium of PHM (Provasoli Haematococcus Media) for 9 days to reach the exponential phase. Hydrolysis was carried out at a temperature variation of (oC) 25; 80; 100; 120; 140; 160 within 30 minutes by adding hydrochloric acid. Biomass fermentation by adding 50% (v/v) Saccharomyces cerevisiae for 5 day to produce alcohol compounds. The last stage is separation of the alcohol compounds from another compounds by distillation. The result showed that carbohydrate levels with color change indicator in luff schoorl solution at hydrolysis and fermentation stages severely were 12.20 mg/L. Carbohydrate levels in fermentation stage produced 17% (v/v) alcohol compounds while in the distillation stage, 98% (v/v) alcohol will be separated into intermediate compounds such as linoleic acid and methyl alcohol as a characteristic of bioethanol. At 80oC of hydrolysis temperature, 58% bioethanol was produced. Further research is needed, since the preliminary study proves the mixed culture of microalgae is potentially to be utilized in producing bioethanol.
Highlights
The demand of energy increasing and trigger us to seek alternative energy
Alternative energy demand has increased by 25% by 2015 [1,2]
This study used 3 types of green microalgae namely Chlorella vulgaris, Scenedesmus obliquus, and Chlorococcum Sp. in the form of contructed consortium cultivated in PHM (Provasoli Haematococcus Media)
Summary
The demand of energy increasing and trigger us to seek alternative energy. Alternative energy demand has increased by 25% by 2015 [1,2]. Alternative energy such as bioethanol is easy to find and renewable from organic matter. Bioethanol is a fermentation product of organic material that can be made from carbohydrate-containing substrates (sugar, starch, and cellulose) with chemical formula C2H5OH in the form of colorless, volatile liquid, with a specific odor [3]. One source of renewable carbohydrates and an abundance in environments is the microalgae. Microalgae produce primary metabolites in the form of proteins, carbohydrates, fats, and nucleic acids. Research on microalgae as an alternative energy source has been widely conducted, but more focused on biodiesel and biogas production than bioethanol. Whereas theoretically microalgae can produce bioethanol naturally by optimizing its intracellular potential [4]
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