Abstract
This work examined the potential of bioethanol production from expired cookies (EC) by the separate hydrolysis and fermentation process. EC was hydrolyzed by glucoamylase with different enzyme addition (3.5 U/g to 140 U/g) to produce the EC hydrolysate. The glucose concentration increased with enzyme addition from 3.5 U/g to 14 U/g and the highest glucose concentration of 21.2 g/L was obtained. The EC hydrolysate was used by Saccharomyces cerevisiae for bioethanol production. The optimal ethanol production obtained from this study was 40.1 g/L in term of economics and efficiency. According to the mass balance, the highest ethanol yield from EC was 0.4 g/g. Techno-economic analysis of the plant with capacity of 5 tons EC/day was also assessed in this study. The total capital cost and annual operation cost were US$540400.7 and US$144543.9/y, respectively. The revenue of the plant was US$390522/y with the sales of 660 t/y ethanol and 412.5 t/y oils. The plant should feed the EC more than 1.04 t/d (334.2 t/y) to avoid the shutdown point. This is the first study to demonstrate the bioethanol production from EC and assess the economic feasibility for industrial application.
Published Version
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