Bioenergy component of seeds and green mass of indian pea in various growing conditions

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of the results of studying cultivars of indian pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) under the conditions of the Nizhnevolzhsky (Saratov) and West Siberian (Omsk) regions of the Russian Federation. Indianpea serves a variety of purposes: compound feed, forage, an alternative source of protein for the population, due to the high protein content in seeds and mature leaves. In the arid conditions of the Russian Federation, the indianpea is able to occupy its own agronomic niche and become an additional source of replenishing cheap protein and improving the quality of the forage base. In this connection, a study of four varieties of the indianpea breeding of the 1Russian Research Institute for Sorghum and Maize "Rossorgo" (Racheika, Zhemchuzhina, Elena, Mramornya) was carried out according to economically valuable parameters, data were obtained on the biochemical composition of seeds and green mass, and an assessment was carried out on bioenergetic parameters. The influence of factors “A”, “B” and their interaction “AB” on the manifestation of signs was noted. According to the results of a two-factor analysis of variance, it follows that the factor of growing conditions (A) has the greatest influence on the seed yield index – 64.2%, and the yield of green mass - the genotype factor (B) - 59.5%. The study revealed a high protein content in seeds (28.3-31.1%) and green mass (21.0-26.3%). Determination of the biochemical composition makes it possible to evaluate varieties in terms of gross energy output with seeds and green mass. According to the parameters of the bioenergetic efficiency of seeds, the best indicators were found in the varieties Elena and Zhemchuzhina. Variety Elena was distinguished by the highest content of total energy in the green mass of 48.0-94.8 GJ/ha. Variety Zhemchuzhina was characterized by the maximum content of total energy in the grown seed crop – 26.0-29.3 GJ/ha, the largest increment in gross energy – 12.6 GJ/ha and the highest energy efficiency coefficient of all four varieties – 1.94.