Abstract
The influence of a type of crop rotation, the predecessor and various doses of mineral fertilizers on the yield of winter wheat was examined. The studies were conducted at the North Kuban Agricultural Experimental Station in two 10-field rotations – grain tillage and grain-grass tillage – in the course of a prolonged stationary experiment. The soil was ordinary chernozem, low in humus, deep, with the humus content in the arable (0-30 cm) soil layer equaling to 3.95-4.00% depending on the nutrient status, the content of mineral nitrogen equaling to 5.9-8.3 mg/kg of soil, and the content of exchangeable potassium equaling to 330-360 mg/kg of soil.It has been established that from the point of view of bioenergetic and economic efficiency, the most favorable predecessors for cultivation of winter wheat should be considered sainfoin and winter wheat, and for the rotation of sainfoin – peas. Maize harvested for grain and sugar beet are more time-consuming and energy-consuming tillage predecessors. Among the applied fertilizer systems, the best economic and bioenergetic indicators were obtained by using medium and higher doses of complete mineral fertilizer.
Highlights
When cultivating any crop, including winter wheat, the yield, as well as the efficiency of production, are the determinative factors [1]
One of the most important properties of winter wheat, which determines its place in crop rotation, is the reaction to a change in the agricultural background
Given the fact that among grain crops, winter wheat is the most demanding for soil fertility, low agricultural background is the cause of decline, and the optimal one contributes to an increase in the grain yield [8; 15]
Summary
When cultivating any crop, including winter wheat, the yield, as well as the efficiency of production, are the determinative factors [1]. The research program included studying the effect of the crop rotation pattern, the predecessor and fertilizer systems on the yield of winter wheat and the technological quality of commercial products, as well as on the economic efficiency.
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