Bioekologi Mansonia uniformis dan Peranannya Sebagai Vektor Filariasis

Abstract

The Mansonia uniformis (Theobald) mosquito outdoor resting behavior locates in areas such as in between rocks, in leaves covered grass, or in cans with no direct sunlight contact. Its dormant period after blood sucking activities takes 4-5 days afterwards its begin to lay eggs. Adult mosquito could transmit the filarial infective amounting 1-5 times during its lifespan. The mosquito favorite mating environment or habitat are those that consist of swampy areas where most watery plans grow such as Eichornia, Salviniaceae, Pistia, Isachne globosa, I. aquatica and water Graminae. Pools or rice fields that are abandoned with depths reaching 15-100 cm and temperature 24-30○C could occur as a mating ground for Ma. uniformis mosquito. The mosquito eggs are placed underneath pieces of woods or watery plants and hatch in temperature 24-30○C within 4-5 days period. These eggs are also clustered in 49-60 amounts. The larvae and pupae will cover themselves under pieces of woods or watery plants and plant its siphon on the aerenkhim system in order to breathe oxygen. The Ma. uniformis mosquito location spreads all over Africa, India, Pakistan, Srilanka, Thailand, Malaysia, Vietnam, Papua New Guinea, North Australia and Indonesia. Whether in Indonesia it covers throughout Sumatra, Kalimantan, Java, Maluku, Nusa Tenggara Timur, Alor and Irian Jaya.