Abstract
As the usage of fungicides catapulted with the onward march of the dial hour, fungicidal resistance by the pathogens emerged as a new constraint. This amalgamated with the growing demand by the farmers for crop protection agents with low use rates, a benign environmental profile and a low toxicity to human and wild life, further gave an impetus to the search of new molecule of fungicides with novel modes of action. Sheath blight of rice caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn is one of the devastating diseases in eastern part of India. Various attempts were taken to develop sheath blight resistant variety but till date no such varieties were released. Various cultural practices combined with use of fungicides are the most common option of managing the disease. Repeated use of same fungicides in the same field sometimes become less or not effective, may be due to development of resistance recombinant of R. solani. Several experiment proved strobilurin based molecules like azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, metominostrobin manage the disease effectively and eco-friendly way than other commercially available fungicides.
Highlights
Sheath Blight (ShB) (C.O. Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) is one of the most devastating diseases of rice in wet season
The disease has spread in all rice growing areas in large scale and in some areas it is due to widespread cultivation of susceptible variety, as in case of West Bengal and Odisha where ‘Swarna’ (MTU 7029) which is widely cultivated and is highly susceptible to sheath blight pathogen ‘R. solani’
In present situation cultural practices combined with foliar spray of fungicide is the most common practice to manage the disease and even in integrated pest management system need based application of fungicide has been recommended
Summary
Sheath Blight (ShB) (C.O. Rhizoctonia solani Kühn) is one of the most devastating diseases of rice in wet season. The disease has spread in all rice growing areas in large scale and in some areas it is due to widespread cultivation of susceptible variety, as in case of West Bengal and Odisha where ‘Swarna’ (MTU 7029) which is widely cultivated and is highly susceptible to sheath blight pathogen ‘R. solani’. Damage is estimated upto 100% in favourable climatic condition and yield loss of rice varies from 5.2-50% depending on disease severity [1,2,3].
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