Bioefficacy of red cabbage against hypercholesterolemic diet mediated oxidative stress

Faiza Ashfaq,Saima Tehseen,Masood Sadiq Butt,Ahmad Bilal,Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria

doi:10.1186/s40816-019-0126-y

Abstract

BackgroundThe shift towards hypercaloric diets and sedentariness has raised lifestyle related disorders and escalated health care cost. In order to tackle this epidemiological transition, healthy, affordable food choices should be introduced in the routine menu. In this context, red cabbage is known for its rich phytochemistry, minerals, antioxidant vitamins and dietary fiber. Considering these evidences, red cabbage leaves and its extract were assessed against hypercholesterolemia and associated oxidative stress.MethodsIn bioefficacy assessment trial (12 weeks), there were two dietary regimens; normal and hypercholesterolemic (1% cholesterol) that were further split into three groups each. In both feeding trials, red cabbage leaves (20%) and its extract in dose equivalent to red cabbage leaves were assessed against control diets. At termination of trial, serum lipidemic parameters and oxidative stress biomarkers were assessed to test the efficacy of diets.ResultsIn hypercholesterolemic rabbits, red cabbage leaves showed significant reduction in cholesterol, LDL-c and triacylglycerol levels i.e. 15.19, 18.09 and 9.42% than extract administered groups; 10.79, 12.24 and 5.72, respectively. Besides, red cabbage leaves also portrayed momentous enhancement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity up to 13.29 & 17.63% by lowering lipid peroxidation by 27.86% in hypercholesterolemic diet fed groups, whereas red cabbage extract administered group depicted relatively lesser amelioration in lipid peroxidation i.e. 21.42%.ConclusionsRed cabbage leaves possess higher ameliorative potential against altered lipidemic profile and lipid peroxidation as compared to its extract thus explains its ability to prevent exhaustion of endogenous antioxidant enzymes; SOD and CAT.

Highlights

The shift towards hypercaloric diets and sedentariness has raised lifestyle related disorders and escalated health care cost
The consumption of junk food or hypercaloric foods increases lipid load in cells of the body or may lead to augmented generation of Reactive Oxygen Species/Metabolites (ROS/ Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (ROM)) i.e. liable to attack on biological membranes
In hypercholesterolemic diet fed rabbits, the maximum decrement was viewed in HRC group as 124.09 ± 5.56 mg/dL followed by 130.52 ± 6.94 mg/dL in HRCE group as compared to control (146.31 ± 7.29 mg/ dL)

Summary

Introduction

The shift towards hypercaloric diets and sedentariness has raised lifestyle related disorders and escalated health care cost. In order to tackle this epidemiological transition, healthy, affordable food choices should be introduced in the routine menu In this context, red cabbage is known for its rich phytochemistry, minerals, antioxidant vitamins and dietary fiber. The consumption of junk food or hypercaloric foods increases lipid load in cells of the body or may lead to augmented generation of Reactive Oxygen Species/Metabolites (ROS/ ROM) i.e. liable to attack on biological membranes. In this regard, there is a rising interest in plant extracts or biologically active ingredients to alleviate such dysfunctions [7, 9]. Phenolic compounds of cabbage have gained immense attention to limit LDL oxidation i.e. a major determinant of atherosclerotic events and possess higher reducing power as compared to vitamin C [6]

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