Abstract
Biodiversity loss is expected to continue to 2030, particularly in Asia and Africa. This chapter examines the sources of this loss – land use changes, unsustainable use of natural resources, invasive alien species, global climate change and pollution – and explores policy responses to halt further damage. Protected areas, which have grown significantly in number during the past few decades, will become increasingly important in the preservation effort as agricultural and urban land use expands. While many of the biodiversity “hotspots” worldwide are situated in developing countries, OECD countries have a role to play in helping to support their conservation and sustainable use through global and regional agreements, as well as through working together to address market and information failures.
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